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Typical Characteristics |
Beethoven Op. 13 mvt. 1 |
Form
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- Exposition, Development, Recapitulation
- Exposition usually repeated (classical)
- Dev-Recap could be repeated (clasical)
- P-T-S-K
- S is in the dominant or relative key in Expo, in tonic in the Recap
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- Key of C minor
- Contains all typical formal units
- Modulates to Eb
- P is a repeated 8 measure phrase
- S appears to modulate to Db
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Introductions
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- Preparation for main section, won't stand on it's own
- Could stand on it's own as a Prologue
- Possibility of thematic/motivic relationship to main themes...or not
- Generally in the primary key, could end on the dominant
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- Slow tempo - 'Grave'
- Establishes C minor
- Introduces it's own motives
- Ends in the dominant
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Transitions
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- Function is to modulate
- Often ends on dominant of new key
- May develop directly out of P material
- Could also be completely new material
- Transition in Recap presents a problem
- Goal is to modulate but Recap doesn't so alterations are usually made
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- Transition between P and S
- Modulates to Eb Maj.
- Ascending step progression - G to Bb
- Retransition at the end of the Dev
- Extended dominant prolongation
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Development Sections
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- May have several distinct sections
- Often includes a Retransition - generally dominant prolongation - to set up Recap
- Opportunity for composer to show off
- Wide variety of compositional/developmental techniques, almost anything is possible
- Typically tonally unstable, frequent modulations
- Motivically related to Exposition
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- Divided into three clear sections
- Begins in G minor
- Begins with Introduction motive
- 2nd section contains an extended step progression - goal is G
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Coda
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- Ending for the main sections
- Does not stand on it's own
- Could serve as an epilogue, on it's own
- Clear relationship to main themes or motives
- Could be develomental in nature (Beethoven)
- Possibility of new material
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- Brings back Intro tempo and motive
- Second section up tempo with P motive
- Confirms C minor
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Analytical Considerations
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- What is the tonal scheme, key relationships
- How does it fit (or not) the basic model
- Identifies primary themes and motives
- Modulation techniques in Expo
- Compare Recap to Expo - how does Recap solve the tonal problem
- Modulations, developmental techniques
- What is the design of the Coda - if present
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